Insulated precast concrete panel (Sandwich Panel) consists of two layers of concrete separated by a layer of rigid insulation. IPS panels can be structural (load bearing) or non-structural (non-load bearing) and can be used in building envelopes (outside walls) for Residential, Commercial, Governmental or Educational construction. IPS systems can be used for full or partial construction. The concrete panels are pre-cast at a manufacturing facility. The thicknesses can vary depending on structural and architectural requirements of the project. The insulation layer is cast between the concrete panels, and is commonly made out of: expanded polystyrene (EPS) (varies with material’s density), void (no insulation material), or a mixture of lightweight concrete with EPS.